.

Thursday, June 10, 2010

FORMWORK



What is Formwork

Formwork is a die or a mould including all supporting structures, used to shape and support the concrete until it attains sufficient strength to carry its own weight. It should be capable of carrying all imposed dead and live loads apart from its own weight.

INTRODUCTION TO FORMWORK
    •  Formwork has been in use since the beginning of concrete construction.
    •  New materials such as steel, plastics and fiberglass are used in formwork.
    •  greater attention is being given to the design, fabrication, erection and dismantling of formwork
DEFENITION:
    •  As a structure,
    •  Temporary which is designed to contain fresh fluid concrete.
    •  Form it into the required shape and dimensions.
    •  Support it until it cures sufficiently to become self supporting.
The term ‘formwork’ includes the actual material contact with the concrete, known as form face, and all the necessary associated supporting structure.

REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD FORMWORK SYSTEM

§  How formwork can be erected and de-shuttered fast.
§  How good concrete quality and surface finish can be achieved.
§  What is the optimum stock of formwork required for the size of work force, the specified time schedule and flow of materials.
§  What is the overall cost savings that can be achieved using the right type of formwork.
§  How SAFETY can be improved for the site personnel.


In order to successfully carry out its function, formwork must achieve a balance of following requirements:
    •  Containment
    •  Strength
    •  Resistance To Leakage
    •  Accuracy
    •  Ease Of Handling
    •  Finish And Reuse Potential
    •  Access For Concerted
    •  Economy

Containment: formwork must be capable of shaping and supporting the fluid concrete until it cures.
Strength: formwork must be capable of safely withstanding without distortion or danger the dead weight of the fluid concrete is placed on it, labour weight, equipment weight and any environmental loadings.
Resistance to leakage: all joints in form work must be either close fitting of covered with form tape to make them grout tight. If grout leakage occurs the concrete Will leak at that point. Leakages cause honeycombing of the surface.
Accuracy: formwork must be accurately set out so that the resulting concrete product is in a right place and is of correct shape and dimensions.
Ease of handling: form panels and units should be designed so that their maximum size does not exceed that which can be easily handled by hand or mechanical means. In addition all formwork must also be designed and constructed to include facilities for adjustments, leveling, easing and striking without damage to the form work or concrete.
Finish and reuse potential: the form face material must be selected to be capable of consistently imparting the desired concrete finish (smooth, textured, featured or exposed aggregate etc.) At the same time it should also achieve the required number of reuse.
Access for concrete: any formwork arrangement must be provide access for placing of the concrete. The extent of this provision will be dependent on the ease of carrying out the concrete operations.
Economy: all the formwork is very expensive. On average about 35% of the total cost of any finished concrete unit or element can be attributed to its formwork; of this just over 40% can be taken for material for formwork and 60% for labour. The formwork designer must therefore not only consider the maximum number of times that any form can be reused, but also produce a design that will minimize the time taken for erection and striking.

FORMWORK BASED ON MATERIALS
MATERIALS FOR FORMWORK
                                                Formwork can be made out of a large variety of materials.
    •  The material most commonly being used to date is timber. However, due to the depleting forest reserves and increasing cost of timber the use of alternate materials such as plywood and steel has become prominent.
    •  More recently, materials such as plastics and fiberglass are also being used for pre-fabricating formwork.
    •  The type of material to be used depends on the nature of construction as well as availability and cost of material.
    •  The constraints on the project such as overall cost, time of completion also play a major role in the use of a particular material for formwork.

TIMBER FORMS
Timber is required for practically all jobs of formwork. The timber bring used for formwork must satisfy the following requirements:
  1. It should be durable and treatable
  2. It should have sufficient strength characteristics
  3. It should be light weight and well seasoned without warping,
  4. It should hold nails well.
Advantages of using timber forms:
  1. It is economical for small construction jobs
  2. It is design flexible and easy to erect
  3. It has good thermal insulation which makes it useful to be used in colder
            Regions
Iv.      It can easily be made into any shape or size
Plywood forms (in combination with timber)

  • Concrete shuttering plywood is bwp grade plywood, preservative treated and specially suited for use in concrete shuttering and formwork.
  • The plywood is built up of odd number of layers with grain of adjacent layers perpendicular to each other.
  • Plywood is used extensively for formwork for concrete, especially for sheathing, decking and form linings.
  • There are two types of plywood - internal and exterior.
  • The interior type is bonded with water resistant glue and exterior type is bonded with water proof glue.
Hardboard forms
    •  Hardboard is a board material manufactured of wood fiber, which is then refined or partly refined to form a panel having a density range of approximately 50 to 80 pounds per cubic foot.
    •  Hardboards are standard / non-tempered or tempered.
    •  The tempered one being used for formwork. Tempered hardboard is solid or perforated hardboard panels impregnated with resin under high pressure to make them stronger and more resistant to moisture and abrasion.
    •  The boards available in large sheets have a hard, smooth surface that produces a concrete whose surface is relatively free of blemishes and joint marks.
    •  The thin sheets can be bent to small radii, which is an advantage when casting concrete members with curved surfaces.

ALUMINIUM FORMS
    •  Forms made from aluminum are in many respects similar to those made of steel.
    •  However, because of their lower density, aluminum forms are lighter than steel forms, and this is their primary advantage when compared to steel.
    •  As the strength of aluminum in handling, tension and compression is less than the strength of steel, it is necessary to use large sections.
    •  The formwork turns out to be economical if large numbers of reuses are made in construction.
    •  The major disadvantage of aluminum forms is that no changes can be made once the formwork is fabricated.

PLASTICS
      These forms have become increasingly popular for casting unique shapes and patterns being designed in concrete because of the excellent finish obtained requiring minimum or no surface treatment and repairs.
            Different types of plastic forms are available like glass reinforced plastic, fiber reinforced plastic and thermoplastics etc.
   Fiberglass-reinforced plastic is the most common and has several advantages such as
  1. The material allows greater freedom of design
  2. Unusual textures and designs can be molded into the form
  3. It   allows   the   contractor   to   pour   structural      and   finished   concrete
            Simultaneously
  1. Because sections can be joined on the job site in such a way so as to eliminate joints, there is no size limitation
If carefully handled, a number of reuses are possible making it highly
            Economical
Vi.      It is lightweight and easily stripped
          The disadvantage of using plastic forms is that it does not lend itself to field fabrication  Hence, the design and planning of this form must be carefully carried out. Also care must take not to damage the plastic by the heat applied for accelerated curing of the concrete. Trough and waffle units in fiberglass are used in construction of large floor areas and multistoried office buildings.


STEEL FORMWORK:
            Mostly used in large construction projects or in situations where large number of re-uses of the same shuttering is possible. Suitable for circular or curved shaped structures such as tanks, columns, chimneys. Etc. & for structures like sewer tunnel and retaining wall.
Advantages of steel formwork over timber form:
  1.             strong, durable & have longer life
  2.             Reuses can be assumed to vary from 100 to 120 wares timber varies from 10 to 12.
  3.             Steel can be installed & dismantled with greater ease & speed resulting in saving in labour cost.
  4.             Excellent quality of exposed concrete surface obtained. Thus saving in the cost of finishing        the  conc. surface.
  5.             no danger of formwork absorbing water from the conc. & hence minimizing honeycombing

CONSTRUCTION OF FORMWORK:
          propping and centering
          shuttering
          provision of camber
          cleaning & surface treatment
Propping and centering:
                        The props used for centering may be of steel, timber post or ballies.pillars made up of brick masonry in mud mortar are also sometimes used as props.
Shuttering:
                        can be made up of timber planks or it may be in the form of panel unit made either by fixing ply wood to timber frames or by welding steel plates to angle framing.
Provision of camber
                        Certain amount of deflection in structure is unavoidable. It is therefore desirable to give an upward camber in the horizontal member of conc. Structure to counteract the effect of deflection.
Surface treatment
    •  Before laying conc. The formwork should be cleaned of all rubbish particularly the sawdust savings & chippings etc.
    •  Before laying conc. the face of formwork in contact with conc. shall be cleaned & treated with release agent like raw linseed oil or soft soap solution as to prevent the conc. getting struck to the formwork.
Order and method of removing formwork:
    •  Shuttering forming vertical faces of walls, beams & column sides should be removed first. Shuttering forming sofit to slab should be removed next.
    •  Shuttering forming soffit to beams, girders or other heavily loaded member should be removed in the end.

DURATION TAKEN FOR REMOVAL OF FORMWORK
1        WALLS COLUMNS & VERTICAL SIDES
            OF BEAMS                                                                            1-2 DAY
2        SLABS                                                                                   3 DAYS
3        BEAM SOFFIT                                                                      7 DAYS
4        REMOVAL OF PROPS TO SLABS
            A) SLAB SPANNINIG UPTO 4.5M                                    7 DAYS
            B) SLAB SPANNINIG OVER 4.5M                                   14 DAYS
5        REMOVAL OF PROPS TO BEAMS
            AND ARCHES
            A) SPANNING UPTO 6 MTS                                              14 DAYS
            B) SPANNING OVER 6 MTS                                              21 DAYS                   




TYPES OF FORMWORK
                        There are different types of formwork available for different purposes. Generally, the formworks for vertical concreting are called wall forms and those for horizontal concreting are called slab or floor forms. The various types of formwork available today in the market are discussed in detail.

TRADITIONAL FORMWORK
    •  This usually consists of standard framed panels tied together over their backs with horizontal members called waling.
    •  The waling is provided with the basic function of resisting the horizontal force of wet concrete.
    •  One side of the wall formwork is first assembled ensuring that it is correctly aligned, plumbed and strutted.
    •  The steel reinforcement cage is then placed and positioned before the other side of the formwork is erected and fixed.
    • Plywood sheet in combination with timber is the most common material used for wall formwork.
    •  The usual method is to make up wall forms as framed panels with the plywood facing sheet screwed on to studs on a timber frame. This allows for the plywood to be easily removed and reversed and used on both sides so as to increase the number of reuses.
    •  The wall forms are susceptible to edge and corner damage and must be carefully handled.
    •  Special attention must be given to comers and attached piers since the increased pressures applied by wet concrete could cause the abutments to open up, giving rise to unacceptable grout escape and a poor finish to the cast wall.




CLIMBING FORMWORK
    •  Method of casting walls consists of a climbing formwork, the climbing of which may be manual or crane assisted.
    •  It employs a common set of forms used in a repetitive manner for casting walls in set vertical lifts.
    •  After each casting the forms are removed and raised to form the next lift until the required height has been reached.
    •  These forms are widely used in the construction of industrial chimneys, silos, high rise towers & building cores, bridge piers & pylons, airport control towers, telecommunication, towers etc.
The climbing form has many advantages such as the following
    •   Staged construction process allows balance of site resources.
    •   Anchor accessories can be reused after each pour, reducing material costs on current and future construction programs.
    •   In case of trolley mounted formwork, the panel retracts from the face, providing space for cleaning and fixing of concrete.
    •  Formwork & access platforms lifted as one, minimizing crane support, reducing labour and material costs.
    •   fine adjustments of the form face can be made during construction, providing accurate alignment of the form face vertically & laterally.

SLIDING FORMWORK OR SLIPFORMING
    •  slip form means a continuously moving form, moving with such a speed that concrete when exposed has already achieved enough strength to support the vertical pressure from concrete still in the form as well as to withstand lateral pressure caused by wind etc.
    •  Thus, the slip form concreting technique is a rapid and economical construction method that can be applied with great advantage to many types of construction projects such as chimneys, silos, water towers, bridge-columns, lift shaft cores and shaft lining etc.
    • The technique is based on movable forms which are gradually lifted by hydraulic jacks.
    •  It is a continuous process where wet concrete is added to wet concrete. Reinforcing steel and/or post tensioned cables are continuously fixed as the normal slipping speed is 3 to 6 meters per 24 hours. The slip form construction is designed for each project depending on the structure of the project. The advantages of slip forming are
    • Minimum consumption of timber and steel plates.
    • Total elimination of traditional scaffolding
    • Minimum requirements of carpenters for assembling.
    • It gives a monolithic structure.
    • The concrete surfaces can be treated and finished while concrete is green,
    • Depending on the weather conditions, it is possible to achieve a vertical rise to the tune of 4 to 5 m in summer and 2 to 3 m in winter.
    • The procedure of continuous slipping is applied to making both inner and outer walls as well as columns of a building.
    • Form climbs.


PERMANENT FORMWORK
    • Permanent form or stay-in-place formwork is one in which the form is left as an integral part of the structure.
    • Permanent formwork can also be utilized as the facing materials of in situ reinforced concrete. They can be of two types—participating and non-participating.
    • The material used for these forms must be durable and of sufficient strength. Commonly used materials include polyvinyl chloride (pvc), galvanized coiled sheet steel, fabricated steel, carbon/epoxy thin shell.
    •    The high initial cost of design and installation, lack of familiarity for installation and maintenance and more specified form design are some of the barriers to the use of this form.
    •    However, there are various advantages like low cost of transportation and installation, precise form design, maximum flexibility, greater durability with reduced long term maintenance and versatility.

SPECIAL FORMS
            These are those forms that are specially designed and manufactured for a particular kind of construction. The need for a special formwork may arise due to several factors such as
         when the contract demands the highest class of dimensional tolerance to be followed
         Where the form work shape required becomes uneconomical or impracticable for site fabrication
         Where the formwork is required to be self-contained i.e. self propelled,
         Where rate of concreting, admixtures or types of concrete are such that concrete pressure developed within forms and stresses in the forms demand special attention where a substantial number of re-uses is envisaged

TABLE FORM
    •  This is a special formwork designed for use in casting large repetitive floor slabs in medium to high-rise structures.
    •  The main objective of reducing the time required re-erecting, striking and re-erecting slab formwork.
    •  A system which can be put as an entire unit, removed, hoisted and repositioned without any dismantling.

GANGED PANEL FORM
    •  The increasing pace in the construction of multi-storey and massive concrete structures, and the parallel progress in development of cranes and other mechanical methods of transporting forms have made the use of ganged prefabricated forms for the concreting of large sections of high walls very common.
    • Ranging up to 30x50 ft, their size is limited only by the mechanics of handling. Large panels can be assembled flat on the ground where it is easier to work. Delay and lost motion are avoided in stripping because the gang forms are stripped as a unit.



TUNNEL FORM
            The tunnel formwork is a room sized structural steel fabricated form which is used to cast the rcc walls and floor slabs of a building as a monolithic structure in a continuous pour. The forms are then heated using hot air blowers for accelerated curing of the concrete. This system is most economical when the structure consists of large number of identical units. There exist two versions of this type of formwork. They are:
A.        The half tunnel formwork used to cast only one wall and slab simultaneously
B.        The full tunnel formwork used to cast two walls and a slab simultaneously
            The sequence of construction involves placing of reinforcement, electrical and sanitary conduits along with the tunnel forms. Concrete is then poured and the open side of the forms is covered and hot air blowers placed inside. The forms are removed the next day and placed on the next site using cranes. The optimum use of tunnel form is in multiunit shear wall structure with identical floor layout at each level.



DOKA FormWork System.

I. Doka System Components
            The various basic components that make up the various DOKA system are as follows:
  1. Doka formwork beams
  2. Doka formwork sheets
  3. Dokadur panels
  4. Doka floor props
  5. Form ties and suspension cones
  6. Multi-trip packaging

1. Doka formwork beams
           
            The core of the system lies in the usage of an Engineered timber component, the  H-Beam.
The H-beams are manufactured in a modern automated plant at Pondicherry under strict quality control the flanges are made of seasoned chemically treated timber. The web is made of boiling water proof ply wood and joined with the flange by the unique finger jointing method. The H-beams thus manufactured are  light, dimensionally stable and retains its structural properties over a period of time even after repeated usage. It is more predictable, easy to design and use, The number of reuses of H-Beams is more than 100 times (8 times that of conventional timber) and it consumes only 40% of timber volume required.

The H-beams are available in two size namely in H-16 - 16 cms  depth &  H-20 - 20 cms  depth,  length varying between 1m to 6m.


Salient Feature

          Reduction in consumption of timber.
          Making work at site minimized.
          No. of reuses more than 8 times that of conventional timber.
          Dimensionally stable, uniform in size and consistent in strength.
          Cost ratio per use H-16 beam : conventional timber = 1:3.5
          Economical and long - lasting.
          Light weight @ 6kgs per RMT.
Max. Shear Force

Max. Bending
Moment
EI

11 KN
4 KN/M
170 x 106 KG.CM2






Doka beam H20

Innovative end reinforcement .
  • For less damage to the ends of the beams
  • For outstanding durability

Outstanding production level.

  • Ensures uniformly high quality and load-bearing strength for safe and dependable usage
  • Is the basis for the reliability of the Doka beam formwork and Dokaflex floor formwork
  • From mechanical strenght grading

Practical marks for all standard lengths.

§  As a grid for easy installation and checking of the Dokaflex 1-2-4 system

Doka beam H20 eco

Ends of beams bevelled for more strength but has no end reinforcement.

2. Doka formwork sheets

Doka has an extensive range of formwork sheets for the most varied areas of application. All sheets are made of glue-bonded layered wood and are extremely strong and dimensionally stable.

Formwork sheet 3-S Plus
Three-ply concrete-formwork sheet, made of European spruce (picea abies), designed specially for building. Produces a uniform concrete surface.

  Surface: Synthetic melamine resin glue with PU sealant and light corundum sanding on one side
  Bonding: Boilproof and weatherproof
  Edges: Impregnating emulsion,
Doka yellow
  Thicknesses: 21 and 27 mm
Formwork sheet 3-SO
Three-ply concrete-formwork sheet, made of European spruce. Produces a uniform concrete surface.

§  Surface: Synthetic melamine resin glue
§  Bonding: Boilproof and weatherproof
§  Edges: Impregnating emulsion,
§  Doka yellow
§  Thicknesses: 21 and 27 mm

Dokaplex Multi-ply sheets
High-grade multi-ply sheet made of Finnish birch hardwood for use again and again. Produces a high-quality, smooth concrete surface.

  • Surface: Phenol-resin coating, 120 g/m²
  • Bonding: Boilproof and weatherproof phenol-resin glue (BFU 100) to DIN 68705-T3
  • Edges: Dispersion
  • Thickness: 21 mm

3. Dokadur panels
Dokadur panels are the state of the art for floor-slab panels. All-round edge and surface sealing dependably protects the panel against the wear and tear of everyday construction work.
Maximised number of reuses and best-quality concrete surfaces.
  • From special surface sealing by means of PUR varnish and melamine resin coating with precision-metered corundum sanding
  • For improved safety at work, because risk of slipping is reduced
  • From significantly reduced moisture absorption for much-reduced discolouration, structuring and cracking

Big savings on costs

  • From easy cleaning of the surfaces, ready for the next use
  • From all-round edge protection made of high-grade PU
  • For exact edges with minimal cleaning
  • For low costs on account of easy and fast reconditioning of the edge
4. Doka Floor Props.
Doka floor props are the right choice for every application. High load-bearing strength plus many practical details that help to make handling easier.

  • The props are available in various sizes viz. CT-250,CT-300,CT-340 & CT-410. The number indicates the extended length of props in cms.

  • Carrying capacity is rated from 20 kN to 30 kN.

  • The tripods make the props self standing for  easier and faster erection of the shuttering system. The adjustments in height are obtained by operating the prop nut. The required dimension in plan is obtained by side-lapping of the H-Beams in the primary or secondary layer.

  • A very accurate and convenient shutter is ready for tying of reinforcement and concreting.

  • The system also facilitates re-propping. By adopting the method of repropping it is possible to reduce the total quantity of formwork materials significantly. The system is very well adapted for use alongwith the L&T-Doka Beam Forming Supporting system.

5. Form ties and suspension cones
Doka has a complete range of tried-and-tested formtie solutions and dependable suspension points for wall formwork, single-sided formwork and climbing formwork in uncompromising quality for maximum safety.

Doka tie rods and anchor accessories

§  Provide safety through superb manufacturing quality
§  Reduce labour costs for installing ties, because a hammer is all that is needed for easy installation
§  Are durable, robust and unaffected by dirt

Robustly dimensioned universal climbing cones

§  ensure firm connections between structure and formwork
§  for safety on high structures
§  for all kinds of climbing formwork

Safe suspension solutions for working and protection platforms

§  With different attachments to suit the application
§  Ideally matched to the carrying capacity of Doka working and protection platforms
§  Easy to install and reusable.

6. Multi-trip packaging
Multi-trip packaging such as containers, stacking pallets and skeleton transport boxes  keep everything in place on the site, minimise time wasted searching for parts, and streamline the storage and transport of system components, small items and accessories.
Savings on material overheads and labour costs.

  • Through faster loading and unloading of system components, small items and accessories
  • Through easy relocation to the next point where the parts are needed
  • Through safe storage in stacks, particularly when space is at a premium

Stacking pallets 150 and 120 simplify the storage and transport of floor props, removable folding tripods, formwork beams and Dokadur panels. The clamp-on wheels make the stacking pallets mobile, so they can easily be steered through standard door-size openings in residential accommodation projects.



II. DOKA Floor System
No matter what the room height, the shape of the layout or the slab thickness, with Doka you always have exactly co-ordinated formwork in one single consistent system, comprising a conveniently small number of easy to manage system components.

Dokaflex 1-2-4
            Dokaflex 1-2-4 is the fast, versatile floor formwork for floorplans of any shape, for beams, slab overhangs and semifinished floor elements – and the ready reckoner is ideal for calculating the quantities of materials, so there's no need for formwork planning. The free choice of formwork sheets leaves nothing to be desired when it comes to the finished structure of the fair-face concrete.

  • The L&T-Doka Fex system is suitable for RC-floors upto 4.40 m high.

  • The plywood sheathing is supported by a layer of secondary H-Beams at the designed spacing. The primary layer of H-Beams  are supported with necessary accessories over the collapsible telescopic props fitted with tripods to ensure lateral stability.


Defined positioning grid with full flexibility in floorplan geometry
  • For quick erection of the formwork, because the positioning points are clear
  • Enables rapid adaptation to walls and columns by simply telescoping the transverse and longitudinal beams

Speedy progress and simple logistics
  • Because there is only a small number of matched individual components
  • With high-grade Eurex floor props with consecutively numbered pegging holes and low release forces
  • With high-grade Eurex floor props with consecutively numbered pegging holes and low release forces
  • Because the ready reckoner makes it easy to calculate the quantities needed
  • Because dispensing with planning and preparatory operations cuts costs by a significant margin
  • Because the maximum pitches for longitudinal and transverse beams and props are marked on the beams - for floor-slab thicknesses up to 30 cm

Safety and economy
  • From durable and robust individual components
  • Because the panels can be rented
  • With high-grade polyurethane surround for first-class concrete surfaces and reduced investment costs
  • With non-slip surfaces for significantly enhanced safety at work
  • With high-grade Eurex floor props with consecutively numbered pegging holes and low release forces
  • With the new, much-improved longitudinal and transverse beams for significantly reduced post-use costs

Every requirement for fair-faced concrete fulfilled
  • By free choice of formwork sheets
  • By the sealed surface of the rentable panels

Dokamatic table
The innovative design of the Dokamatic table makes for even faster formwork handling whenever large floor slabs have to be cast. Standard functional components can be installed for straightforward, speedy adaptation to changing requirements on the construction site.
Fast repositioning reduces labour costs
  • Because fully assembled units are manoeuvred quickly into place - no laborious carrying of individual components from one location to the next
  • Because practical shifting devices makes for virtually fatigue-free operations
  • Because easier to handle and safer than hand-operated formwork, particularly as room heights increase
The Dokamatic table helps save on labour and on crane time: One man using the shifting trolley with attachable drive unit can move the tables to the next casting location on the same level. The system is optimised for minimal forming times on large-area projects and deals easily with varying requirements in terms of statics and geometry.

Dokamatic table sizes

  • Comes in 4 rentable standard sizes with grid logic: 4.0 x 2.0 m, 4.0 x 2.5 m, 5.0 x 2.0 m and 5.0 x 2.5 m
  • Special sizes for special applications can be supplied at any time
  • Made up of high-grade system components such as the sturdy Dokamatic table waling 12 and Doka beams H20 top for outstanding durability and minimum post-use costs
  • Fully assembled Dokamatic tables delivered to your site right on time
Load-bearing tower Staxo
Staxo is a high-strength load-bearing tower made of robust steel frames for high shoring and heavy loads. Integrated connectors for rapid assembly. This modern load-bearing tower system comprises only a few individual parts and is extremely versatile. A comprehensive range of safety accessories completes the system.

Highly stable and highly versatile
§  With 1.52 m wide frame with non-buckling vertical sections
§  With 50 cm grid for setting the frame spacing
§  With the tower unit's large footprint
§  Because horizontal loads are safely dissipated
§  Load-bearing capacity up to 70 kN/leg

Speedy assembly, even when the towers are high

§  Because there are only a few individual parts, they are light and easy to handle
§  Because the vertical adapters for the next lift are integrated, without loose parts or add-ons
§  With drop-in assembly battens and integrated climbing rungs

Less crane time needed

§  Because the towers can be pre-assembled on the flat, then hoisted into position
§  With shifting carriages for horizontal repositioning

Staxo frame
  • Extremely strong, galvanised steel frame for straightforward height adjustment in a 30 cm grid; choice of three heights 0.90, 1.20 and 1.80 m
  • Frame spacing with diagonal crosses from 1.00 to 2.50 m adjustable in 50 cm grid
  • Reliably withstands horizontal forces such as wind loads
  • Integrated next-lift frame adapters for ergonomic handling even high above the ground - no tools required
  • Integrated climbing rungs and drop-in assembly battens support safe assembly and disassembly

Diagonal cross
  • Timesaving integration of horizontal and diagonal braces in a single component
  • Different lengths for variable frame spacing
  • Colour clips and stamping for clear marking of the lengths
  • Safe assembly with captive gravity catches
Setting the next lift is always quick and safe: no time is lost looking for parts, because the locking springs (1),
 (3) and connecting sleeves (2) are captive, integrated into the frames.
No additional parts or loose parts, so even high above the ground handling is still straightforward.

Height adjustment
Height adjustment accurate to the millimetre, even under load. By means of screw-jack U-spindle at the top, screw-jack foot or heavy-duty screw jack at the bottom. The heavy-duty screw jack 130 has an extension height of 130 cm and is available for jobs requiring maximum versatility.
           

Beam forming  support system

The L&T-Doka Beam Forming Support system is suitable for RC-Beams of depth between 30 cm to 120 cm.
Beam bottom
The plywood sheathing is supported by a layer of secondary H-20 Beams at the designed spacing to form the beam bottom. The primary H-Beams in turn support the secondary layer.

Beam sides
The plywood sheathing is supported by H-Beams at the designed spacing running along the length of the RC-beam  to form the beam sides. The H-beams are supported by the beam forming support which are clamped onto the H-20 beams provided for the Beam  bottom. The beam forming support ensures the right angle between the beam bottom and sides. The BFS extn. provides the necessary adjustment in depth.

The beam forming support with extension are available in three sizes viz.BFS with extn.600mm long, 900mm long & 1200mm long. 

III. Wall Formwork System
The L&T-Doka  Wall formwork system is suitable for casting of RC-Walls  including water tight structures.

The plywood sheathing is supported by H-Beams which are in turn supported by the steel walers. The wall formwork facilitates fixing of working platforms for access, checking of reinforcement, concreting etc., the panels also have provision for fixing for alignment system which ensure verticality. The  pressure due to concrete  are sustained by High strength  tie system.
The walers are available in sizes of 0.8m, 1.2m, 1.6m, 1.8m, 2m & 2.4m the inside corners are formed by “universal inside corner” and the outside by universal outside fixing or angle plates. The high strength tie system can be through tie system or lost anchor system depending on the structure. The H-Beams can be butt jointed to form larger size of panels.

The formwork panel along with the working platform and alignment systems can be lifted as a single unit using a crane thus the labour involved in each operation of erection and deshuttering is reduced to a minimum. The panels are formed in the carpentry workshop at site and the number of operations/assembly of components at each location is minimal and hence accuracy is maintained. Since large panels are handled as a single unit, the damage/loss of small components is eliminated  contributing to very high material productivity. In the absence of a crane the panels can be dismantled and handled separately. The wall formwork system can handle very large pressures generated due to pumping of concrete.

The planners place the Doka formwork beams H 20 (1) and the bracing, which consists of steel waling (2) to suit the anticipated load. The sheeting (3) is freely selectable – your choice of smooth fair-faced concrete, wood-textured surface, and so on.  

Doka framed formwork Frameco
The Frameco formwork system

  • Forms wall heights up to 3.00 m without stacking
  • Has sturdy, galvanised steel frames to produce smooth concrete surfaces
  • Permissible fresh-concrete pressure 70 kN/m²
Only 2 anchors up to a height of 3.00 m
  • Means fewer anchors have to be set, so forming work is faster
  • Reduces labour costs for post-casting work on the anchorage holes

End-to-end 15 cm grid with only 5 panel widths

  • Simplifies planning, forming and logistics on the construction site
  • Reduces the number of cost-intensive closures
  • Means matching panel formats for best possible utilisation of formwork
  • Reduces quantities in stock and costs for rental, because of effortless adaptation to any floor plan
§  Makes for compact lifting units for fast positioning and short crane times
IV. Column Formwork System

The L&T-Doka  Column formwork system is suitable for casting of columns of minimum 15cm * 15cm .

In the Column formwork system the H-Beams along with steel walers and accessories makeup the assembly. The Column formwork facilitates fixing of working platforms for access, checking of reinforcement, concreting etc., The formwork panel along with the working platform and alignment systems can be lifted as a single unit using a crane thus the labour involved in each operation of erection and deshuttering is reduced to a minimum. The panels are formed in the carpentry workshop at site and the number of operations/assembly of components at each location is minimal and hence accuracy is maintained. Since large panels are handled as a single unit, the damage/loss of small components is eliminated  contributing to very high material productivity. In the absence of a crane the panels can be dismantled and handled separately. The column formwork system can handle very large pressures generated due to pumping of concrete.





Any column size, straight from the modular system ...

  • For speedy forming of any column cross-section with standard parts
  • For optimum adaptation to any special geometry up to 5 m in diameter
  • For column cross-sections up to 120 x 120 cm with only one splice plate
  • For first-class concrete surfaces with any sheeting
  • Permissible fresh-concrete pressure 90 kN/m²


Some of the possible cross-sections of column
V. Climbing Formwork System

The L&T-Doka Climbing System are used for tall structures like cooling towers, etc where  it is very uneconomical to provide staging or scaffolding for supporting the  external or internal wall formwork.

In this system a bracket is hooked on to anchors called lost anchors provided in the already cast wall and supports/alignments are taken from these brackets. The brackets are suitably braced to prevent any sway and are provided with walkways/working platforms / handrails etc for safety and ease of working.

Varying degrees of sophistication are available in the
Climbing formwork systems, a few of which are as listed.


CB - 150 A - Simple Climbing, Crane handled - platform width 1.50 m.   The brackets & wall formwork are to be handled separately.

CB - 150 F- Traveling Climbing, Crane handled - platform width 1.50 m.  roll back arrangement  for deshuttering & cleaning of shutters. The wall formwork and climbing bracket are lifted as one unit.

Automatic climbing formwork, the wall formwork along with the climbing brackets slide along the wall using motors, thus eliminating the need for crane. This system is very often used for natural draught cooling towers.
MF - 240 - Simple  Climbing, Crane handled - platform width 2.40 m. these brackets can also be fitted with automatic climbers SKE-50 which is a hydraulic system with 5T carrying capacity or SKE-100 with 10T carrying capacity.
The MF 240 system

    * Travelling unit MF (1):
      Platform is 2.40 m wide for safe and convenient manipulation of the formwork. 75 cm retraction for easy cleaning of the formwork and for working on the reinforcement.

    * Climbing bracket MF (2):
      Combines with beam and frame formwork, high load-bearing capacity (50 kN per climbing bracket), angle of inclination ± 15° from vertical.
    * Working brackets (2):
      Modular principle for versatility: these brackets can be used as pouring, intermediate and suspension brackets.

The SKE system
The modular system for automatic climbing

    * Free positioning of brackets and automatic climbers as single-section climbing scaffold
    * Lift heights up to 5.50 m
    * Formwork systems:
      • wall formwork FF 20 and large-area formwork Top 50
      • framed formwork Framax and Alu-Framax
    * Climbing speed 5 min/m

SKE 50

    * Load-carrying capacity 5 metric tons per bracket
    * Ideal solution for a huge number of climbing tasks
    * Up to 40 automatic climbers per hydraulic unit

                       
SKE 100

    * Load-carrying capacity 10 metric tons per bracket
    * Platform system for simultaneous work at different levels
    * Extremely strong brackets permit wide, variable spacing





167 comments:

  1. Hey I am looking for total concrete formwork produced or manuctured every year. Do you have any idea where I can get those data from ?

    ReplyDelete
  2. Thanks....this really is helpful.

    ReplyDelete
  3. Hi indianidol.007@ We can buy a shuttering systems like Flexible & Adjuster Panel, Form work System for RCC wall Etc. at Uniscaff Engineering

    ReplyDelete
  4. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  5. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  6. Txs for sharing good knowledge about shuttering. For practical construction guide one can visit to construction guide

    ReplyDelete
  7. Construction is important part of building design and material use and strength any nathural disaster situation no collaps any building Concrete Formwork

    ReplyDelete
  8. This article piqued my interest in the latest products available on the market, and I found a great resource here: http://www.directindustry.com/industrial-manufacturer/formwork-79428.html

    ReplyDelete
  9. Hi there!
    I am a student of Construction Management from India and i am currently researching on different types of formwork systems and precast technologies available in India.. A Cost-Benefit-Analysis.

    Does anyone here, have experience/useful information in this field?

    ReplyDelete
  10. Really interesting to read this. Use the best structural steel products for your stronger your building.

    ReplyDelete
  11. Prefabricated timber wall frames offer many benefits including:
    • A reduction in costs
    • Improved energy efficnency
    • Precision engineered to Austrlian standards using Engineering software
    • More sustainable / environmentally friendly .
    Here are other services Sydney Frame and Truss 2. Frame and Truss 3. Frames and Trusses 4. Truss and Frames 5. Trusses and Frames 6. prefabricated frames and flooring.

    ReplyDelete
  12. Nice blog,

    Designing and writing style enhance the blog popularity. Keep sharing. Really informative article. I thoroughly enjoyed.

    scaffolding material on rent

    ReplyDelete
  13. I gone through your Website its really amazing useful information thanks for this.
    For more info visit http://seobo.likeweb.co.kr/en/

    ReplyDelete
  14. There are various online sources to provide you informative details on this topic,
    but this is one is very helpful.
    concrete formwork design

    ReplyDelete




  15. Pretty section of content. I simply stumbled upon your site and in accession capital to say that I get actually loved account your blog posts. Anyway I will be subscribing to your feeds and even I fulfillment you get right of entry to persistently quickly.

    aluminium extension ladders
    adjustable work platform

    ReplyDelete
  16. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  17. Thanks for sharing detailed explanation of formwork that is used while constriction of building. I really love the blog posted by you. Keep sharing such a technical blog. You have detailed knowledge about the formwork or scaffolding material construction.

    Thanks & Regards

    Vikash

    ReplyDelete

  18. Thank you for sharing this post and shining a light on what can be a confusing subject. With so much information out there it’s nice to have the material narrowed down to a simple presentation
    of the facts.
    Mobile Scaffold Suppliers
    Aluminium Scaffolding Manufacturer

    ReplyDelete
  19. It is a stunning post. Exceptionally valuable to me. I preferred it .Take a look to my site Best Civil Construction Companies in Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  20. have read many blogs in the net but have never come across such a well written blog. Good work keep it up
    display booth ideas

    ReplyDelete
  21. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  22. Great ....You have beautifully presented your thought in this blog post. I admire the time and effort you put into your blog and detailed information you offer.
    demolition

    ReplyDelete
  23. Thanks for your information; it’s really good and very informative, Keep on your work. Here’s my input get best Formwork materials from SEOBO. http://seobo.likeweb.co.kr/en/

    ReplyDelete
  24. Truly superb blog, I don’t have actual words to praise in regards for this
    trade show displays

    ReplyDelete
  25. We are looking for Civil engineers who have experience in Tunnel formwork technology. If any one interestred please do contact on +919665055178. Regards Swapnali.

    ReplyDelete
  26. Thanks for the information and links you shared this is so should be a useful and quite informative!
    polymer extrusion uk

    ReplyDelete
  27. I don't know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog. I will keep visiting this blog very often.
    polymer extrusion uk

    ReplyDelete
  28. I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it.I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post.
    Excavator Hire

    ReplyDelete
  29. When you are arranging again i am interested but it had been too late to visit your blog.
    moulding machine uk

    ReplyDelete
  30. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  31. http://civil-resources.blogspot.in/2010/06/formwork.html?showComment=1459767103835#c7596837560542243685

    ReplyDelete
  32. I think most people would agree with your article. I am going to bookmark this web site so I can come back and read more articles. Keep up the good work!
    Bog Mats

    ReplyDelete
  33. Hi every one... We are plastic formwork manufacturers.... Our company name is siscon... Any queries please write us @ info@sisconformwork.com.....

    ReplyDelete
  34. Hi every one... We are plastic formwork manufacturers.... Our company name is siscon... Any queries please write us @ info@sisconformwork.com.....

    ReplyDelete
  35. Thanks for the information and links you shared this is so should be a useful and quite informative!
    construction tools

    ReplyDelete
  36. your information great & helpful to many required people
    kishore H Acharya .
    G.M. Khan & co infra projects pvt.ltd.

    ReplyDelete
  37. your information great & helpful to many required people
    kishore H Acharya .
    G.M. Khan & co infra projects pvt.ltd.

    ReplyDelete
  38. It was another joy to see your post. It is such an important topic and ignored by so many, even professionals. I thank you to help making people more aware of possible issues. Great stuff as usual.
    Mold Remediation

    ReplyDelete
  39. Thanks for amazing information

    ReplyDelete
  40. thank you for this great article on formworks and shuttering but it looks like you have missed dome data which is explained well here in this construction engineeering website

    ReplyDelete
  41. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  42. Jayati Tools Private Limited is a trusted company which is Manufacturer and Supplier of scaffolding tools all over the world. We are manufactur the Scaffolding Accessories, Scaffolding tools, scaffolding socket, Tuff Scaffolding Machine and all types of Scaffolding equipments, System Scaffmarking machine. http://www.scaffoldingmachines.com/

    ReplyDelete
  43. Very useful information to understand better how to improve our work system, we would do this for a aluminum scaffolding, thank you for share

    ReplyDelete
  44. Amazing Blog about Construction. Find out the nearest location Shuttering And Scaffolding Material. know in detail about Scaffolding Material on Hire

    ReplyDelete
  45. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  46. Wash Basin Waste Pipes, Sanitary Band Pipe, PVC Long Band Pipe, PVC Joint Nut, Connection Pipe, Plastic Toilet Seat Cover, PVC Short Bend Pipe, Ball Cock Valve, Bathroom & Toilet Accessories/Fittings Manufacturer & Supplier.

    ReplyDelete
  47. That is a really amazing sheet metal Blog Post, Thanks for plesse sharing this intersting and very informative content. Always keep sharing.

    sheet metal manufacturers Faridabad

    ReplyDelete
  48. I don't know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog. I will keep visiting this blog very often.
    professional resume samples for engineers

    ReplyDelete
  49. Wow! Thank you! I always wanted to write in my site something like that. Can I take part of your post to my blog?
    parking lot maintenance

    ReplyDelete
  50. Keep doing that hard work because it is something that help us with the aluminium scaffold, very useful

    ReplyDelete
  51. assembly jobs-Find Assembly Jobs in India at assemblyjobs.net. Search & Apply to Assembly vacancies in India. Find job opportunities in top companies.

    ReplyDelete
  52. Thanks for sharing such a nice and Informative blog.

    concrete technology in India

    ReplyDelete
  53. hiii nice blog but I would like more information about this, because it is very nice., Thanks for sharing.

    Mcx Silver Tips Free

    ReplyDelete
  54. Nice blog. If you are looking for steel fibre for precast only at Precision Drawell.

    ReplyDelete
  55. Thanks for sharing this of about Timber Investments

    ReplyDelete
  56. gsrtrading is one of them We are provider of high quality long time product Oil Meter manufacturer & supplier in Delhi NCR
    https://goo.gl/mfcvwg

    ReplyDelete
  57. Aar aar enterprises is the one of them are manufacturer and provider aluminum extrusion industry in India has flourished for a long time product aluminium extrusion suppliers
    http://www.aaraarenterprises.in

    ReplyDelete

  58. Thanks for the information...I really love your blog posts... specially those on Leading building contractors

    ReplyDelete
  59. Interesting blog and very amazing detail about the Office Construction Bids well done keep it up.
    Office Construction Bids

    ReplyDelete

  60. Thanks for the information...I really love your blog posts... specially those on Industrial building contractors in Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  61. Great blog that highlights of bamboo plywood
    Also look our for our new website: http://www.bambooindustry.com/bamboo-plywood/
    BothBest Bamboo Flooring Co. Ltd is a specialist exporter of bamboo plywood and more bamboo veneer, solid bamboo flooring

    ReplyDelete
  62. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  63. This is a wonderful article, Given so much info in it, These type of articles keeps the users interest in the website, and keep on sharing more ... good luck.
    building construction

    ReplyDelete

  64. Thanks for the information...I really love your blog posts... specially those onResidential building contractors in Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  65. Excellent blog shared here. If anyone looking for steel fiber then you can contact Precision Drawell. Thanks for sharing.

    ReplyDelete
  66. how to design a scaffold system for concrete slab?

    ReplyDelete
  67. Great blog you've got here. It's packed full of lots of information!
    aluminium folding ladder for sale
    4 step aluminum ladder

    ReplyDelete
  68. Thanks for the information and links you shared this is so should be a useful and quite informative!
    timber floors melbourne

    ReplyDelete
  69. The blog article very surprised to me! Your writing is good. In this I learned a lot! Thank you!

    PhD Thesis Writing Services, Dissertation Writing Services & Research Paper Writing Services

    ReplyDelete
  70. Rinox offers a wide range of architectural Hardware for Door control, Shower cubicles, Wooden furniture, Glass Fittings etc. RINOX is a leading brand in Premium Architectural Hardware and Modular Stainless Steel Railing Systems across the world. RINOX offers an extensive range of Glass Hardware articles for a variety of applications. Hundreds of products for doors, windows and facades offer a solution for every design and technical requirement. RINOX Handrails and Railing components are world-class and are made with European design standards. Railing components such as Brackets, Balusters & Glass Clips offer elegance to the homes and buildings The RINOX Research & Development team puts continuous efforts to bring the most innovative, aesthetic & latest products for our customers. Rinox produces Standard, OEM & customized products. Drawings are created by Engineering team from a sample, picture, rough sketch or with a mere idea. With the help of state of the art equipment and German Technology we can produce your prototype.

    Stainless steel handrail

    ReplyDelete
  71. Wonderful article. I am waiting for your next post. For more information visit us at:
    Metal Roofing Sheets

    ReplyDelete
  72. Concrete Reinforcing Fibre considerably improves the structural properties of concrete, particularly tensile and flexural strength.

    ReplyDelete
  73. Собираем данные по факту поборов и других нарушений анонимно, по детскому саду №11 “Аленушка” г. Воскресенск, Московская область, заведующая Белоусова Татьяна Алексеевна. Телефон детского сада +7 49644 2?40-22 Пишите о всех нарушения этого детского сада на почту

    ACC Help Chandrapur

    ReplyDelete
  74. That was a nice article on formwork which is written in a professional manner and although I am not a civil engineer u have learned a lot about formwork. I wonder where I could have read such an informative blog post if it was not posted on this site and I am looking forward to visiting this site occasionally to read more blog articles. Check out my article by clicking on How to Get the Best Grades for Your Academic Papers.

    ReplyDelete
  75. Hey, that’s really a good post on pets for sale in Delhi, i really like your blog as the information is very useful if you are a pet lover. Well, there is one more site for the same service www.helpadya.com you should check it for more detail.

    ReplyDelete
  76. Thanks for this great blog, Very well & insightful.

    cummins steering

    ReplyDelete
  77. Hey your blog is very nice, such useful information you are sharing. I really like your blog the information is very accurate and if you want to know more about List of Civil Contractors in Delhi service, there is another website with best information.

    ReplyDelete
  78. Very nice post.Thanks for share.
    Telecom industry news

    ReplyDelete
  79. Thanks for nice blog. Navkaar Group is one of the best service providers for Aluminium Formwork technalogy.

    ReplyDelete
  80. I am daily reader of your blog. thanks for sharing this blog...!! Aluminum Foam Manufacturer

    ReplyDelete
  81. Hi, I really like your blog you’ve written very well. I must say you have lot of knowledge about this but I want to suggest you something that if you are looking for Free Classified Ads Posting Sites www.helpadya.com there is one more website www.helpadya.com

    ReplyDelete
  82. Hello,
    We Cardiomacinc read your blog and i really like your post.Thanks for this information!
    I have a website Cardiomacinc.com. We provide online Bean bags
    Guide wire manufacturer in Delhi- India- Cardiomacinc

    ReplyDelete
  83. Thanks for sharing this informative post!
    Faisal roofing was formed in 2008. With experienced, dedicated and committed workforce Faisal roofing solution provides accessories, mainly for construction and building.
    Metal roofing sheet suppliers

    ReplyDelete
  84. Will like to no more of the form work (aluminum panel) -nasbidemi@yahoo.co.uk

    ReplyDelete
  85. Hi fellas,
    Thank you so much for this wonderful article really!
    If someone want to read more about that external storage devices rental services I think this is the right place for you!

    ReplyDelete
  86. Wonderful bloggers like yourself who would positively reply encouraged me to be more open and engaging in commenting.So know it's helpful.Aluminium Scaffolding Manufacturersin chennai.

    ReplyDelete
  87. Hi There
    Nice blog
    Guys you can visit here to know more
    Film faced Plywood Manufacturer in India

    ReplyDelete
  88. Hi there, I found your blog via Google while searching for such kinda informative post and your post looks very interesting for me
    all types of crane lease in qatar

    ReplyDelete
  89. I am a regular user of your post, this one also was very interesting and well written. keep sharing the great work
    Used Cranes Price in Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  90. Thanks for sharing this Blog..

    Want to more info about Scaffolding & Cable Trays. Visit a website www.newtechstp.com

    ReplyDelete
  91. Nice!
    I like your blog which contain so much valuable information which i want from so many days.
    Thank you for share this.

    ixcube 4 10

    ReplyDelete
  92. https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/plumbing
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/plumbing
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/electrical
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/electrical
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/carpentry
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/carpentry
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/ac-repair
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/ac-repair
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/home-cleaning
    https://www.skiwee.in/chennai/home-cleaning

    ReplyDelete
  93. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  94. How can I get user manual for FRAMECO please?

    ReplyDelete
  95. My spouse and I stumbled over here coming from a different web page and thought I may as well check things out. I like what I see so now i'm following you. Look forward to looking over your web page yet again. bim building information modeling

    ReplyDelete
  96. Aluminium shuttering cleaning solution to removing rust and concrete build-up on aluminium formwork. It quickly removes hardened concrete & saving labour time in grinding and cleaning. The oxidation and corrosion of aluminium plate will not occur by using our chemical.

    ReplyDelete
  97. Great post with very useful information to all thanks for sharing with all of us. I like it very much.
    mobile cranes in Qatar

    ReplyDelete
  98. Thanks for sharing this information and keep updating us. This is informative and really useful for me.

    Industrial Flooring India
    Laser Screed Flooring in India
    Super flat Flooring
    Concrete Polishing in India

    ReplyDelete
  99. It is very informative and very helpful on my research regarding seo techniques. Thanks for sharing this post.
    Pneumatic Tool Dealers in Chennai.

    ReplyDelete
  100. Are you Looking for Industrial Summer training on Automation System like PLC, SCADA? Then you can join DIAC Automation Technology. Call @9310096831.

    ReplyDelete
  101. Hii, Thank you for sharing an awesome and informative blog. i love reading stuff on different topics, if anyone have any unique blog about Radar Level sensor , then do share it.

    ReplyDelete
  102. I am regular reader of your blog and no doubt it all stuff is awesome. The best thing about your sharing and posting is that you always provide content that is helpful for both the newbie and experts.
    Wood Finishes manufacturer in India

    ReplyDelete
  103. Great blog. Thanks for share this post. It may helpful for all newbie bloggers, i really appreciate
    Wood Finishes manufacturer in India

    ReplyDelete
  104. Thanks for sharing this detailed information about building construction.
    structural engineering consulting firms in usa

    ReplyDelete
  105. http://www.setestindia.com/concrete-testing-equipment-manufacturers.html

    ReplyDelete
  106. Thanks a lot for such a great information.
    Scaffold

    ReplyDelete
  107. Hello, Your article provides all my needed things. its helps me aplenty. will learn immeasurable factor from thins weblog .you is doing nice. thanks for sharing your valuable ideas.
    fabrication of heavy engineering equipment

    ReplyDelete
  108. Very good post. it is very useful and informative post. Thank you for your sharing.
    Scaffolding Services Tamil Nadu
    Scaffolding Material Rental Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  109. Thank you for providing such nice and useful information

    Scaffolding on Rent in delhi

    ReplyDelete
  110. Thanks for the useful information provided. we are very happy with your blog.

    also check for more information.
     Pre Engineered Buildings Manufacturers In India

    ReplyDelete
  111. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  112. Nice Research and post ! I think its a good information on peb structure which most of the top peb companies in India
    would agree...

    You may also like to read similar article here: Prefabricated Structures blog

    ReplyDelete
  113. Beemainfratech are extremely immersed in manufacturing an inclusive range of Aluminium Scaffolding Dealers in Chennai, Tower Ladder, Step Ladder, Aluminium Ladder and FRP Ladder.Beema Infratech is one of the Scaffolding Dealers in Chennai.

    ReplyDelete
  114. Thanks for Sharing such imported information with us.I hope you will share some more info, please keep sharing!
    aluminium scaffolding dealers in chennai

    ReplyDelete
  115. Great post that briefs about the shuttering material. It is fact that uses of proper shuttering material in Delhi.
    http://www.malakshmi-shuttering-scaffolding.com/shuttering-material-on-rent-in-delhi.html

    ReplyDelete
  116. Great Article.Valuable post and keep update. thank you so much for sharing.
    Shuttering on rent in Delhi

    ReplyDelete
  117. I will recommend anyone looking for Business loan to Le_Meridian they helped me with Four Million USD loan to startup my Quilting business and it's was fast When obtaining a loan from them it was surprising at how easy they were to work with. They can finance up to the amount of $500,000,000.000 (Five Hundred Million Dollars) in any region of the world as long as there 1.9% ROI can be guaranteed on the projects.The process was fast and secure. It was definitely a positive experience.Avoid scammers on here and contact Le_Meridian Funding Service On. lfdsloans@lemeridianfds.com / lfdsloans@outlook.com. WhatsApp...+ 19893943740. if you looking for business loan.

    ReplyDelete
  118. I will recommend anyone looking for Business loan to Le_Meridian they helped me with Four Million USD loan to startup my Quilting business and it's was fast When obtaining a loan from them it was surprising at how easy they were to work with. They can finance up to the amount of $500,000,000.000 (Five Hundred Million Dollars) in any region of the world as long as there 1.9% ROI can be guaranteed on the projects.The process was fast and secure. It was definitely a positive experience.Avoid scammers on here and contact Le_Meridian Funding Service On. lfdsloans@lemeridianfds.com / lfdsloans@outlook.com. WhatsApp...+ 19893943740. if you looking for business loan.

    ReplyDelete
  119. I will recommend anyone looking for Business loan to Le_Meridian they helped me with Four Million USD loan to startup my Quilting business and it's was fast When obtaining a loan from them it was surprising at how easy they were to work with. They can finance up to the amount of $500,000,000.000 (Five Hundred Million Dollars) in any region of the world as long as there 1.9% ROI can be guaranteed on the projects.The process was fast and secure. It was definitely a positive experience.Avoid scammers on here and contact Le_Meridian Funding Service On. lfdsloans@lemeridianfds.com / lfdsloans@outlook.com. WhatsApp...+ 19893943740. if you looking for business loan.

    ReplyDelete
  120. I cannot thank lemeridian funding service enough and letting people know how grateful I am for all the assistance that you and your team staff have provided and I look forward to recommending friends and family should they need financial advice or assistance @ 1,9% Rate for Business Loan .Via Contact : . lfdsloans@lemeridianfds.com / lfdsloans@outlook.com. WhatsApp...+ 19893943740. Keep up the great work.
    Thanks, Busarakham.

    ReplyDelete
  121. I just got to this amazing site not long ago. I was actually captured with the piece of resources you have got here. Big thumbs up for making such wonderful blog page!. Fire Protection Services in bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  122. Thanks for the informative article. This is one of the best resources I have found in quite some time. Nicely written and great info. I really cannot thank you enough for sharing.
    Pooja room interior desingers in chennai
    Hotel Interior desingers in chennai
    Hospital interior designers in chennai

    ReplyDelete
  123. I am totally in favor of this article and just want to conclude that you are really doing a great job. List of Architects in Delhi NCR

    ReplyDelete
  124. “Benjamin was absolutely great to work with. He was extremely clear, thorough and patient as he guided my wife and I through the loan process. He was also very timely and worked hard to make sure everything was ready to go before closing the loan.  
    Mr Benjamin is a loan officer working with group of investor's who help us get funds to buy our new home, You can contact him if you want to get a loan at an affordable low rate. lfdsloans@outlook.com Whatsapp Chat: + 1-989-394-3740

    ReplyDelete
  125. Excellent blog, thanks a lot for sharing this article have been looking since so long for this type information. Thanks a ton once again, Regards
    https://indusdesignworks.com/structural-engineering.php
    Outsource structural engineering

    ReplyDelete
  126. This is very useful blog, Design Forum International is committed to creating cities better places to measure. We believe that Industrial Factory Architecture and style matter, which through our work, we will make a positive difference within the world. We attempt to form buildings that aren't just things in themselves, but function catalysts for positive urban and social change.

    ReplyDelete
  127. This is very useful blog, If you would like to understand the entire information about the Architecture Firms then make use of internet and find the List of Architects in Delhi Ncr in jiffy. Design Forum International. It'll always offer you wonderful variations and several other plans. They'll consistently show you a minimum of 4 or five plans at the identical time to create your decision easy as possible.

    ReplyDelete

  128. Great post, thanks for sharing this article. I am really interested in your blog.

    Steel fabrication companies in Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  129. Didn't know the different types of plastic forms are available like glass reinforced plastic, fiber reinforced plastic and thermoplastics. I wonder what my faucet night light is made of?

    ReplyDelete
  130. Civil Engineering Spreadsheets I have read all the comments and suggestions posted by the visitors for this article are very fine,We will wait for your next article so only.Thanks!

    ReplyDelete
  131. Thank you for sharing such as nice informative blog. Keep it sharing it will helpful for me. We are a Structural Engineering Design Consultancy based in Auckland, New Zealand. We carry out design and construction supervision services all around New Zealand.
    Spiral Stair Design Engineer

    ReplyDelete
  132. It is actually a great and helpful piece of information. I’m happy to find your blog. Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.
    Manufacturer of quality special fasteners in nashik

    ReplyDelete
  133. Thanks for Sharing. It's a very informative blog. JJ. Wirecloth Industries is a seasoned Perforated Sheets Manufacturer in India. Perforated metals are metal sheets with decorative shapes and holes punched or stamped into them for practical or aesthetic reasons. Metal sheet perforation can take several forms and include a variety of geometrical patterns and designs.

    ReplyDelete
  134. thank you so much for this blog. Laxmi International Packers & Movers- India is working here with the motivation to offer indisputable office, transportation services, corporate shifting, home relocation services, car moving and more
    packers and movers in chandrapur
    packers and movers in chandrapur
    packers and movers in chandrapur

    ReplyDelete
  135. The PASCHAL group is an international company specialized in formwork and formwork technology with more than 50 years of experience.

    Best formwork company
    Types of Formwork
    Concrete Formwork System
    Formwork Design
    Formwork in Construction

    ReplyDelete
  136. Wao Nice Blog! Thanks for sharing such a great information with us. I want to read more. Also get the information about modular work platform system

    ReplyDelete
  137. Thanks for Sharing. It's a very informative blog
    Expanded metal Manufacturer made this by changing over weighty steel sheets and curls into an expanded cross section. The whole course of making expanded metal is finished by a growing framework and this extending unit has a blade that decides the shape or example of the lattice. The expanded machine stretches and cuts the metal. The extending machine assumes the main part in making the example of the lattice. At the point when the example making process is finished, the item is enveloped by curls and separated into sheets.

    Visit Here: https://www.jjwci.in/expanded-metal-manufacturers.aspx

    ReplyDelete
  138. Looking for the best MS steel supplier in Chennai, India? Contact : +91 92832 10628 saaj steels chennai. We Saaj Steels is now offering the finest MS steel products with best price in chennai.SAAJ Steel is a leading dealers, distributors, suppliers and manufacturers of steel products in chennai and tamilnadu. We have stocks of all sizes and sections and we can give delivery on time.

    MS steel suppliers in chennai

    ReplyDelete
  139. MS steel Dealers & suppliers in chennai | All Types of steels products in chennai

    Looking for the best MS steel supplier in Chennai, India? Contact : +91 92832 10628 saaj steels chennai. We Saaj Steels is now offering the finest MS steel products with best price in chennai.SAAJ Steel is a leading dealers, distributors, suppliers and manufacturers of steel products in chennai and tamilnadu. We have stocks of all sizes and sections and we can give delivery on time.
    M/s. Saaj Steel Corporation
    No.102, Mogappair road,
    Mannurpet, Padi,
    Chennai-600 050,
    Tamilnadu, India.
    Cell : +91 92832 10628
    Email : saajsteel@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  140. Very useful blog on framework.For more about framework and alloy carbon steel

    ReplyDelete